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1 drive a coach and four through
(drive a coach and four (или six) through (тж. drive a coach and horse или horses through))обойти закон, соглашение, договор, юридическое постановление и т. п. (особ. ссылаясь на недоговорённость, неточность или неясность в тексте)...when it suits them the I.T.A. chiefs drive a coach and horses through the Television Act. (‘Daily Worker’) —...когда это их устраивает, руководители коммерческого телевидения находят лазейку, чтобы обойти закон о телевидении.
Equal pay would drive a coach and horses through her incomes policy. — Равная оплата за равный труд женщин и мужчин противоречила бы политике госпожи Касл в области доходов населения.
Large English-Russian phrasebook > drive a coach and four through
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2 drive a coach-and-four through
= drive a coach-and-six through знаходити лазівку для обходу (закону, угоди тощо)English-Ukrainian law dictionary > drive a coach-and-four through
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3 drive a coach-and-six through = to drive a coach-and-four through
Макаров: найти лазейку для того, чтобы обойти закон, постановление, соглашение (и т.п.)Универсальный англо-русский словарь > drive a coach-and-six through = to drive a coach-and-four through
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4 coach-and-six
[͵kəʋtʃəndʹsıks] nкарета, запряжённая шестёркой♢
to drive a coach-and-six through = to drive a coach-and-four through [см. coach-andfour ♢ ] -
5 drive a coach-and-six through
English-Ukrainian law dictionary > drive a coach-and-six through
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6 coach
Ⅰcoach [kəυtʃ]1. n1) авто́бус (междугоро́дного сообще́ния)2) ж.-д. пассажи́рский ваго́н3) каре́та, экипа́ж;coach and four (six) каре́та, запряжённая четвёркой (шестёркой)
4) ист. почто́вая каре́та◊to drive a coach and four ( или six) through свести́ на нет, аннули́ровать, обойти́ зако́н (юриди́ческое постановле́ние и т.п.), ссыла́ясь на нето́чность или нея́сность в те́ксте; найти́ лазе́йку
2. v1) е́хать в каре́те2) перевози́ть в каре́теⅡcoach [kəυtʃ]1. n1) репети́тор ( подготавливающий к экзаменам)2) тре́нер; инстру́ктор2. v1) подгота́вливать или ната́скивать к экза́мену2) занима́ться с репети́тором3) тренирова́ть, подгота́вливать к состяза́ниям4) ав. инструкти́ровать пило́та по ра́дио во вре́мя ночны́х полётов -
7 coach
̈ɪkəutʃ I
1. сущ.
1) коляска, карета( пассажирская или почтовая), экипаж Syn: carriage, cab I
1.
2) а) ж.-д. пассажирский вагон The train consisted of a baggage-car and two passenger coaches. ≈ Поезд состоял из одного багажного и двух пассажирских вагонов. б) амер. пассажирский вагон, где есть только сидячие места
3) одноэтажный автобус (часто междугородного сообщения) ∙ to drive a coach and four/six through ≈ свести на нет, аннулировать, обойти закон (юридическое постановление и т. п.), ссылаясь на неточность или неясность в тексте;
найти лазейку
2. гл. ездить в коляске/карете/экипаже II
1. сущ.
1) частный педагог( подготавливает к вступительным или выпускным экзаменам) Syn: tutor
2) тренер, наставник;
инструктор The crew have improved steadily under the careful tuition of a thoroughly clever coach. ≈ Команда резко повысила свой уровень под чутким руководством очень умного тренера. Syn: trainer
2. гл.
1) а) готовить к экзамену/конкурсному испытанию б) брать частные уроки( у репетитора)
2) спорт готовить к соревнованиям, тренировать He's coaching me and some other men for the World Cup. ≈ Он готовит меня и еще несколько спортсменов к чемпионату мира. Syn: tutor
3) авиац. давать указания/данные/информацию летчику во время ночного полета Syn: instruct, direct, prompt карета, экипаж (историческое) почтовая карета( железнодорожное) пассажирский вагон, разделенный на купе - day * классный вагон, без спальных мест (американизм) пассажирский вагон с сидячими местами( американизм) второй класс( в самолете) (туристский) междугородный автобус( американизм) жилой трейлер;
дом на колесах (американизм) закрытый автомобиль > to drive a * and horses through найти лазейку для того, чтобы свести на нет закон, постановление, соглашение > to ride in the marrow-bone * ехать на своих двоих, идти пешком( спортивное) тренер, инструктор - national * тренер сборной страны( университетское) (разговорное) репетитор (подготавливающий к экзамену) учитель, преподаватель - drama * преподаватель драматического искусства - singing * учитель пения концертмейстер-репетитор (австралийское) домашнее животное, используемое для приманки диких (спортивное) тренировать, готовить к состязаниям;
обучать( спортивное) тренироваться, готовиться к состязаниям (авиация) инструктировать летчика по радио во время ночных полетов (университетское) (разговорное) натаскивать к экзамену, репетировать( университетское) (разговорное) заниматься с репетитором, преподавателем разучивать партии с певцами coach автобус( междугородного сообщения) ~ второй класс пассажирских авиаперевозок ~ ехать в карете ~ жилой трейлер ~ закрытый автомобиль ~ заниматься с репетитором ~ ав. инструктировать пилота по радио во время ночных полетов ~ карета, экипаж;
coach and four (six) карета, запряженная четверкой (шестеркой) ~ ж.-д. пассажирский вагон ~ пассажирский вагон с сидячими местами ~ пассажирский купированный вагон ~ перевозить в карете ~ подготавливать или натаскивать к экзамену ~ ист. почтовая карета;
to drive a coach and four (или six) through свести на нет, аннулировать, обойти закон (юридическое постановление и т. п.), ссылаясь на неточность или неясность в тексте;
найти лазейку ~ почтовый вагон ~ преподаватель ~ репетитор (подготавливающий к экзаменам) ~ тренер;
инструктор ~ тренировать, подготавливать к состязаниям ~ туристический класс ~ туристический междугородный автобус ~ учитель ~ карета, экипаж;
coach and four (six) карета, запряженная четверкой (шестеркой) ~ ист. почтовая карета;
to drive a coach and four (или six) through свести на нет, аннулировать, обойти закон (юридическое постановление и т. п.), ссылаясь на неточность или неясность в тексте;
найти лазейку travel ~ путешествовать туристическим классом -
8 coach
[̈ɪkəutʃ]coach автобус (междугородного сообщения) coach второй класс пассажирских авиаперевозок coach ехать в карете coach жилой трейлер coach закрытый автомобиль coach заниматься с репетитором coach ав. инструктировать пилота по радио во время ночных полетов coach карета, экипаж; coach and four (six) карета, запряженная четверкой (шестеркой) coach ж.-д. пассажирский вагон coach пассажирский вагон с сидячими местами coach пассажирский купированный вагон coach перевозить в карете coach подготавливать или натаскивать к экзамену coach ист. почтовая карета; to drive a coach and four (или six) through свести на нет, аннулировать, обойти закон (юридическое постановление и т. п.), ссылаясь на неточность или неясность в тексте; найти лазейку coach почтовый вагон coach преподаватель coach репетитор (подготавливающий к экзаменам) coach тренер; инструктор coach тренировать, подготавливать к состязаниям coach туристический класс coach туристический междугородный автобус coach учитель coach карета, экипаж; coach and four (six) карета, запряженная четверкой (шестеркой) coach ист. почтовая карета; to drive a coach and four (или six) through свести на нет, аннулировать, обойти закон (юридическое постановление и т. п.), ссылаясь на неточность или неясность в тексте; найти лазейку travel coach путешествовать туристическим классом -
9 coach
{koutf}
I. 1. ист. пощенска кола, дилижанс
2. карета, екипаж
3. пътнически вагон
4. междуградски/екскурзионен автобус
5. ом. туристическа класа в самолет
COACH and fonr/six карета, запрегната с четири/шест коня
drive COACH and six through намирам пролука в/заобикалям законоположение
II. v возя се/пътувам с/карам карета/дилижанс
III. 1. частен учител, които подготвя ученици за изпити
2. репетитор
3. си. тренъор, инструктор
IV. 1. подготвям за изпит/роля
2. сп. тренирам, подготвям за състезание и пр* * *{koutf} n 1. ист. пощенска кола, дилижанс; 2. карета, екипаж; 3(2) v возя се/пътувам с/карам карета/дилижанс.{3} n 1. частен учител, които подготвя ученици за изпити; 2.{4} v 1. подготвям за изпит/роля; 2. сп. тренирам, подготвям* * *тренирам; треньор; репетитор; aвтобус; дилижанс; екипаж; каляска; инструктор; карета;* * *1. coach and fonr/six карета, запрегната с четири/шест коня 2. drive coach and six through намирам пролука в/заобикалям законоположение 3. i. ист. пощенска кола, дилижанс 4. ii. v возя се/пътувам с/карам карета/дилижанс 5. iii. частен учител, които подготвя ученици за изпити 6. iv. подготвям за изпит/роля 7. карета, екипаж 8. междуградски/екскурзионен автобус 9. ом. туристическа класа в самолет 10. пътнически вагон 11. репетитор 12. си. тренъор, инструктор 13. сп. тренирам, подготвям за състезание и пр* * *coach[koutʃ] I. n 1. удобен автобус за дълги разстояния; a \coach tour to France пътуване с автобус до Франция; 2. жп пътнически вагон; 3. екипаж, карета; 4. ист. пощенска кола, дилижанс; 5. затворен автомобил, купе (обикн. с две врати); • \coach and four ( six) карета, запрегната с четири (шест) коня; to drive a \coach and horses through откривам (показвам) явната неправдоподобност на; подкопавам, подривам; slow \coach, slow-\coach старомоден човек, изостанал в идеите си човек; II. v 1. превозвам с автобус; 2. карам (возя се на) карета, пътувам с дилижанс. III. n 1. сп. треньор, инструктор; 2. репетитор, частен учител, който подготвя ученици за изпит; VI. v 1. тренирам, подготвям за състезание; 2. подготвям (се) за изпит (роля). -
10 coach
I1. noun1) карета, экипаж; coach and four (six) карета, запряженная четверкой (шестеркой)2) railways пассажирский вагон3) автобус (междугородного сообщения)4) hist. почтовая каретаto drive a coach and four (или six) through свести на нет, аннулировать, обойти закон (юридическое постановление и т. п.), ссылаясь на неточность или неясность в тексте; найти лазейку2. verb1) ехать в карете2) перевозить в каретеII1. noun1) репетитор (подготавливающий к экзаменам)2) тренер; инструктор2. verb1) подготавливать или натаскивать к экзамену2) заниматься с репетитором3) тренировать, подготавливать к состязаниям4) aeron. инструктировать пилота по radio во время ночных полетов* * *1 (n) автобус; второй класс пассаж авиаперевозок; купированный вагон; почтовый вагон; преподаватель; репетитор; учитель2 (v) тренировать* * *тренер, инструктор; тренировать* * *[ kəʊtʃ] n. карета, экипаж, пассажирский вагон; тренер, инструктор, репетитор v. ехать в карете; тренировать, подготавливать к состязаниям, инструктировать пилота, подготавливать к экзамену, заниматься с репетитором* * *автобусаннулироватьвагонкаретаконцертмейстер-репетиторрепетитортренертренироватьэкипаж* * *I 1. сущ. 1) коляска, карета (пассажирская или почтовая) 2) а) ж.-д. пассажирский вагон б) амер. пассажирский вагон, где есть только сидячие места 3) одноэтажный автобус 2. гл. ездить в коляске/карете/экипаже II 1. сущ. 1) частный педагог 2) тренер 2. гл. 1) а) готовить к экзамену/конкурсному испытанию б) брать частные уроки (у репетитора) 2) спорт готовить к соревнованиям 3) авиац. давать указания/данные/информацию летчику во время ночного полета -
11 coach
[kəu ] 1. noun1) (a railway carriage: The last two coaches of the train were derailed.) vagon2) (a bus for tourists etc.) turistični avtobus3) (a trainer in athletics, sport etc: the tennis coach.) trener4) (a private teacher: They employed a coach to help their son with his mathematics.) inštruktor5) (a four-wheeled horsedrawn vehicle.) kočija2. verb(to prepare (a person) for an examination, contest etc: He coached his friend for the Latin exam.) inštruirati, trenirati- coachman* * *I [kouč]nounkočija, avtobus; American potniški vagon drugega razreda; poštna kočija; soba na krmi bojne ladje; colloquially inštruktor, trenerto drive a coach and four through — dokončno se prepričati, spregledati kaj; izmuzniti se; izigravati zakonII [kouč]1.intransitive verbkočijažiti; peljati se v kočiji; dobivati inštrukcije;2.transitive verbpeljati koga s kočijo; colloquially inštruirati, trenirati -
12 coach
[kəu ] 1. noun1) (a railway carriage: The last two coaches of the train were derailed.) carruagem2) (a bus for tourists etc.) camionete3) (a trainer in athletics, sport etc: the tennis coach.) treinador4) (a private teacher: They employed a coach to help their son with his mathematics.) explicador5) (a four-wheeled horsedrawn vehicle.) coche2. verb(to prepare (a person) for an examination, contest etc: He coached his friend for the Latin exam.) preparar- coachman* * *[koutʃ] n 1 coche, carruagem. 2 Amer vagão, carro de passageiros de estrada de ferro. 3 automóvel fechado. 4 Amer ônibus. 5 Sport treinador, técnico. 6 professor particular. • vt+vi 1 ensinar, treinar. 2 preparar (para exame ou certames). 3 viajar em carruagem ou carro. we coached it / percorremos (o trecho) em coche, fomos de coche. 4 orientar jogador. coach and four, coach and six carruagem a quatro, a seis cavalos. coaching fee honorário para aulas particulares. hackney coach carro de aluguel. he coaches with me ele tem aulas particulares comigo. he is a slow coach ele é tapadão, ele tarda a compreender. mail coach mala-posta, rail carro-correio. stage coach diligência. the old coaching days os bons, velhos tempos (da diligência). -
13 drive
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14 drive
управление автомобилем | управлять автомобилемto drive a coach-and-four [coach-and-six] through — найти лазейку для обхода (закона, договора и т.п.)
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15 Palmer, John
[br]b. 1743 Bath, Avon, Englandd. 1818 Bath, Avon, England[br]English pioneer in mail transport.[br]He was the son of a brewer and maltster and part-owner of a theatre in Bath. In his early 20s his father sent him to London to organize the petition for a licence for the Orchard Street theatre, which was granted in 1768. He then organized a series of post-chaises to transport ac-tors between this and another theatre in Bristol in which his father also had an interest. By 1782 he had ready a plan for a countrywide service of mail coaches to replace the existing arrangements of conveying the mail by post-boys and -girls mounted on horseback who were by law compelled to carry the mail "at a Rate of Six Miles in the Hour at least" on penalty of one month's hard labour if found loitering. Lord Camden, Member of Parliament for Bath, put Palmer's plan before Prime Minister Pitt, who approved of it. An experimental run was tried on 2 August 1782, a coach leaving Bristol at 4 pm and arriving in London at 8 am the next morning, to return the following night from London at 8 pm and reaching Bristol at 10 am. In March 1785 the Norwich Mail Coach was started and during that year services were started to Portsmouth, Dover, Exeter, Leeds, Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, Shrewsbury, Chester, Holyhead, Worcester, South Wales and Milford Haven. A feature of importance was that each mail coach was accompanied by an armed guard. In August 1786 Palmer was appointed Surveyor and Comptroller-General of the Post Office at a salary of £1,500 per annum and a bonus depending on all revenue over £300,000 each year. The popularity of the new service is shown by the feet that by 1813 his 2 1/2 per cent bonus came to £50,000. Due to the intrigues of his deputy, he was removed from office, but he was given a pension of £3,000 a year. He received the freedom of some eighteen towns, was made Mayor of Bath and represented that constituency in Parliament four times.[br]Further ReadingE.Vale, 1960, The Mail-Coach Men, London: Cassell.IMcN -
16 Metcalf, John
[br]b. 1717 Knaresborough, Yorkshire, England d. 1810[br]English pioneer road builder.[br]The son of poor working parents, at the age of 6 an attack of smallpox left him blind; however, this did not restrict his future activities, which included swimming and riding. He learned the violin and was much employed as the fiddle-player at country parties. He saved enough money to buy a horse on which he hunted. He took part in bowls, wrestling and boxing, being a robust six foot two inches tall. He rode to Whitby and went thence by boat to London and made other trips to York, Reading and Windsor. In 1740 Colonel Liddell offered him a seat in his coach from London to Harrogate, but he declined and got there more quickly on foot. He set up a one-horse chaise and a four-wheeler for hire in Harrogate, but the local innkeepers set up in competition in the public hire business. He went into the fish business, buying at the coast and selling in Leeds and other towns, but made little profit so he took up his violin again. During the rebellion of 1745 he recruited for Colonel Thornton and served to fight at Hexham, Newcastle and Falkirk, returning home after the Battle of Culloden. He then started travelling between Yorkshire, where be bought cotton and worsted stockings, and Aberdeen, where he sold horses. He set up a twice-weekly service of stage wagons between Knaresborough and York.In 1765 an Act was passed for a turnpike road between Harrogate and Boroughbridge and he offered to build the Master Surveyor, a Mr Ostler, three miles (5 km) of road between Minskip and Fearnly, selling his wagons and his interest in the carrying business. The road was built satisfactorily and on time. He then quoted for a bridge at Boroughbridge and for a turnpike road between Knaresborough and Harrogate. He built many other roads, always doing the survey of the route on his own. The roads crossed bogs on a base of ling and furze. Many of his roads outside Yorkshire were in Lancashire, Cheshire and Derbyshire. In all he built some 180 miles (290 km) of road, for which he was paid some £65,000.He worked for thirty years on road building, retiring in old age to a cotton business in Stockport where he had six spinning jennies and a carding engine; however, he found there was little profit in this so he gave the machinery to his son-in-law. The last road he built was from Haslington to Accrington, but due to the rise in labour costs brought about by the demand from the canal boom, he only made £40 profit on a £3,000 contract; the road was completed in 1792, when he retired to his farm at Spofforth at the age of 75. There he died, leaving a wife, four children, twenty grandchildren and ninety greatgrandchildren. His wife was the daughter of the landlord of the Granby Inn, Knaresborough.[br]Further ReadingS.Smiles, Lives of the Engineers, Metcalfe, Telford: John Murray.IMcN -
17 unit
1. единица; единое целое2. единица измерения наборных элементов, равная 13. элемент; агрегат; аппарат; установка; секция; узел4. печатная секция; секция печатной машиныunits to the em — количество единиц в эме, величина эма
absolute unit — единица измерения в абсолютной системе, абсолютная единица
adding unit — счётное устройство, счётный аппарат
aerograph unit — аэрограф; краскораспылитель
alcohol damping unit — спиртовой увлажняющий аппарат, увлажняющий аппарат, работающий на водно-спиртовом растворе
5. устройство для предотвращения слипания6. устройство, предотвращающее оседание пылиarch-type unit — секция арочного типа, пятицилиндровая печатная секция
7. воздуходувное устройствоdisplay unit — устройство отображения; дисплей
8. секция нагнетания воздухаbuilt-in corner-cutting unit — встроенное устройство для обрубки углов, встроенная углорубилка
90° bump turn unit — поворотное устройство, устройство для поворота на 90°
casting unit — отливное устройство, отливной аппарат
9. двухкрасочная печатная секция10. секция для двусторонней печатиcolor matching unit — устройство для сравнения колористических характеристик краски со стандартом
color viewing unit — устройство для просмотра цветных оригиналов, многокрасочных и шкальных оттисков; анализатор цвета
11. устройство для контактного копированияsingle family unit — односемейный дом, дом для одной семьи
reader unit — считывающее устройство; устройство считывания
12. контактный узел; устройство, обеспечивающее контактcontrol unit — управляющее устройство; блок управления
convertible printing unit — печатная секция, перестраиваемая с одного способа печатания на другой
corner-cutting unit — устройство для обрубки углов, углорубилка
counting-and-collating unit — счётно-подборочное устройство; счётно-подборочная секция
interrogation unit — опрашивающее устройство; блок запросов
detached unit — отсоединенный блок; открепленное устройство
13. резальная секция14. высекальная секцияdampening unit — увлажняющий аппарат; узел увлажняющего аппарата
developing unit — проявочная установка; проявляющая секция
double-width printing unit — печатная секция двойной ширины, полноформатная печатная секция
dyeline copying unit — аппарат, изготавливающий окрашенные копии
endorser unit — впечатывающее устройство; устройство для впечатывания
15. экспонирующая установка16. копировальная установкаfeeder unit — подающее устройство, самонаклад
floor-fed unit — лентопитающее устройство, установленное на уровне печатной секции
flow turn unit — поворотный стол, поворотный транспортёр
fluid injector unit — набрызгивающая секция; устройство для распыления жидкости
folder unit — фальцсекция, фальцевальная секция
graphoscreen vacuum printing-down unit — вакуумная копировальная рама типа «графоскрин»
17. полусекция; секция односторонней печати18. полусекция для печатания дополнительной краской; впечатывающее устройствоheavy-duty nipping unit — зажимное приспособление, работающее с большим усилием
industrial color matching unit — устройство для сравнения колористических характеристик краски со стандартом
infeed unit — питающая секция, самонаклад
insertion unit — вставной блок; блок для вставки
19. накатная группа красочного аппарата20. краскоподающая группа красочного аппарата21. красочный аппарат22. встроенная секция23. агрегатированные секции, неавтономные узлыmagnetic brush unit — узел проявления «магнитной кистью»
output photo unit — выводная фотонаборная секция, блок экспонирования набора
paper jogging unit — устройство для сталкивания бумажных листов, сталкиватель
construction unit — блок; модуль; узел
dosing unit — дозирующий узел; дозатор
24. секция двусторонней печати25. секция, переключаемая на запечатывание с оборотаmixed bed unit — фильтр смешанного действия; ФСД
26. фотографирующее устройствоunit name — имя устройства; номер устройства
27. блок экспонирования, фотографическая секцияplaten unit — тигельное печатное устройство; тигельный печатный аппарат
portable text entry unit — переносной наборный аппарат, переносной терминал для ввода текста
pressing unit — прессующая секция, прессующее устройство
processing unit — технологическая секция; секция обработки
punched card control unit — управляющее устройство, работающее на перфокартах
remote text entry unit — дистанционный наборный аппарат, дистанционный терминал для ввода текста
roller-type anti-setoff unit — противоотмарочный аппарат цилиндрического типа, параллоид-аппарат
protocol unit — протокольный блок; блок реализации протокола
28. ротационная листоподборочная секция29. вращающийся подборочный стол30. вторая фальцсекция31. кассета второго параллельного сгибаsensing unit — датчик, чувствительный элемент
stacked units — печатные секции, установленные друг над другом
stacking unit — стопоприёмное устройство; листоприёмное устройство
three-roller unit — трёхлучевая рулонная установка; трёхлучевая рулонная звезда
three-up bound unit — блок-тройник, тройной блок
32. слово33. совокупность данных, передаваемых как единое целоеtransmission light unit — источник света для прозрачных оригиналов, источник света для диапозитивов
two-roller unit — двухлучевая рулонная установка; двухлучевая рулонная звезда
two-up bound unit — блок-двойник, двойной блок
underfeed unit — лентопитающее устройство, расположенное в нижнем ярусе машины
34. корректор контрастности35. установка переменной чувствительностиvisual display unit — дисплей, видеотерминальное устройство
wed infeed unit — лентопитающее устройство; рулонная установка
-
18 joint
1) соединение || соединять2) сочленение5) врубка6) сварной шов7) узел фермы; звено кинематической цепи; шарнир8) муфта9) плеть ( трубопровода)10) нефт. однотрубка, однотрубная свеча12) полигр. скрепление ( блока); прикрепление ( вклейки)•to break joints — располагать швы вразбежку;to gasket joints — уплотнять стыки прокладкой;to grout joints — заполнять (заливать) швы цементным раствором; омоноличивать швы цементным раствором;to lute joints — замазывать стыки;to make off joints — заделывать швы;to mortar joints — заполнять швы раствором;to pack joints — заделывать стыки;to seal joints — заделывать стыки;to set up joints — зачеканивать стыки ( труб) свинцом;to strap joints — перекрывать стыки накладкой;to support joints — подпирать стыки (напр. при сварке или клёпке)-
ruptured joint
-
abutment joint
-
adhesive joint
-
all-glass joint
-
angle joint
-
annular rotary joint
-
arc-welded joint
-
articulated joint
-
axlebox cover joint
-
ball-and-socket joint
-
ball joint
-
bayonet joint
-
bead joint
-
bed joint
-
bell butt joint
-
bell-and-plain-end joint
-
bell-and-spigot joint
-
bellows joint
-
beveled joint
-
beveled single-lap joint
-
bevel-groove joint
-
Birfield joint
-
blind joint
-
block joint
-
blown joint
-
blow joint
-
bolted joint
-
bolt joint
-
bonded joint
-
box and pin joint
-
box joint
-
branch joint
-
brazed joint
-
breaking joints
-
brickwork joint
-
brick joint
-
bridge joint
-
bridle joint
-
broken joints
-
bulky joint
-
bullet-and-flange joint
-
bumper safety joint
-
butt joint
-
butt riveted joint
-
butt-welded joint
-
cable joint
-
calked joint
-
cardan joint
-
cash joint
-
castellated joint
-
cemented joint
-
center joint
-
chain joint
-
chamfered joint
-
choke joint
-
choke-flange joint
-
choke-type rotary joint
-
clasp joint
-
clip joint
-
closed joint
-
closing joint
-
coach joint
-
cogged joint
-
collar joint
-
composite joint
-
compression-bonded joint
-
compression joint
-
concave joint
-
concealed joint
-
conduit joint
-
constant-velocity joint
-
construction joint
-
contraction joint
-
control joint
-
convex joint
-
corner joint
-
coursing joint
-
cover joint
-
crimp joint
-
cross and yoke universal joint
-
cross joint
-
cross-halved joint
-
cup-and-cone joint
-
curb joint
-
cushion joint
-
dado joint
-
dead joint
-
detachable joint
-
diaphragm expansion joint
-
disk joint
-
dissipative joint
-
double box-end kelly joint
-
double cardan universal joint
-
double joint
-
double strap joint
-
double universal joint
-
double-butt lap joint
-
double-flange drive joint
-
double-scarf lap joint
-
double-shear joint
-
dovetail joint
-
dowel joint
-
drained joint
-
dry joint
-
dummy joint
-
edge joint
-
elastic joint
-
elastomeric joint
-
elbow joint
-
elevation joint
-
end joint
-
epoxy-glued joint
-
erection joint
-
expanded joint
-
expansion joint
-
eye joint
-
face joint
-
false joint
-
faucet joint
-
feather joint
-
field joint
-
fillet joint
-
fillistered joint
-
finger joint
-
fished joint
-
fish joint
-
fish-mouth joint
-
fishplate joint
-
fixed joint
-
flange butt joint
-
flange joint
-
flanged joint
-
flange-to-web joint
-
flash welding joint
-
flat joint
-
flexible facing joint
-
flexible joint
-
flush joint
-
flush-cut joint
-
flush-out joint
-
flux blocks joints
-
folded-over joint
-
forge-welded joint
-
fork joint
-
four-bolt joint
-
full-hole tool joint
-
functional joint
-
gasketless joint
-
gasket-sealed joint
-
girth joint
-
glued joint
-
glue joint
-
grooved-and-tongued joint
-
ground glass joint
-
ground joint
-
hairline joint
-
half-lap joint
-
halved joint
-
halving joint
-
head joint
-
heading joint
-
hemispherical joint
-
hexagonal kelly joint
-
hexagon kelly joint
-
hinged joint
-
hip joint
-
hooked joint
-
hook joint
-
Hooke's joint
-
horsed joint
-
hose coupling joint
-
housed joint
-
hybrid joint
-
hydrostatic joint
-
indented joint
-
insulated rail joint
-
insulating joint
-
integral tool joint
-
interlocking joint
-
internal-flush tool joint
-
isolation joint
-
joggle lap joint
-
joggled joint
-
jump joint
-
kelly joint
-
keyed joint
-
knock-off joint
-
knuckle joint
-
knuckle-and-socket joint
-
laminated joint
-
lap riveting joint
-
lapped joint
-
lap joint
-
leaded joint
-
lead joint
-
lift joint
-
linear joint
-
lock joint
-
magnet-frame joint
-
make-and-break joint
-
manufacturer's joint
-
matched joint
-
match joint
-
mechanical joint
-
metal-to-metal seal joint
-
mitered joint
-
miter joint
-
molded joint
-
mortar joint
-
mortise-and-tenon joint
-
mortise joint
-
movable joint
-
movement joint
-
multiple cable joint
-
multiple-bar joint
-
N-DOF joint
-
nipple joint
-
oil joint
-
open joint
-
open-drained joint
-
pin joint
-
pipe joint
-
piston ring joint
-
pitch joint
-
pivot joint
-
plane flange joint
-
plug and socket joint
-
plug lap joint
-
pumping joint
-
pup joint
-
rabbeted joint
-
rail joint
-
raked joint
-
rebated joint
-
recessed joint
-
reducing joint
-
regular joint
-
revolute joint
-
rigid joint
-
ring joint
-
riveted joint
-
rivet joint
-
rosin joint
-
rotary joint
-
rotational joint
-
rubbed joint
-
rubber-spider joint
-
Rzeppa universal joint
-
saddle joint
-
safety joint
-
scarf joint
-
screw joint
-
series seam welding joint
-
serrated joint
-
settlement joint
-
shear joint
-
sheetpile joint
-
shielded joint
-
shiplap joint
-
shoulder joint
-
shouldered joint
-
shrinkage joint
-
single-shear joint
-
single-strap joint
-
six-bolt joint
-
slave joint
-
sleeve joint
-
slick joint
-
sliding joint
-
slip joint
-
socket joint
-
socket-and-spigot joint
-
soldered joint
-
solder joint
-
soldered twist joint
-
solderless joint
-
spherical joint
-
spigot-and-socket joint
-
spigot joint
-
splayed joint
-
spliced joint
-
splice joint
-
splined joint
-
spline joint
-
split flange joint
-
split joint
-
square joint
-
square kelly joint
-
square shoulder tool joint
-
staggered rail joints
-
step flange joint
-
step joint
-
step ring joint
-
straight joint
-
strap joint
-
streamlined joint
-
stripped joint
-
struck joint
-
suspended joint
-
swing joint
-
swivel hydraulic joint
-
T and G joint
-
tape joint
-
taped joint
-
tapered shoulder tool joint
-
tee joint
-
telescopic joint
-
threaded joint
-
tie-supported joint
-
tight joint
-
T-joint
-
toggle joint
-
tongue-and-groove joint
-
tool joint
-
translational joint
-
transverse joint
-
triple joint
-
truss joint
-
tuck-pointed joint
-
twisted joint
-
twist joint
-
unit-package cable joint
-
universal joint
-
untooled joint
-
V-butt joint
-
V-joint
-
V-shaped joint
-
watertight joint
-
weathered joint
-
weather joint
-
Weiss universal joint
-
welded glass joint
-
welded joint
-
welded-on tool joint
-
welded tool joint
-
wet joint
-
wing joint
-
wire joint
-
wire-wrapped joint
-
wire-wrap joint
-
wrist joint
-
yaw joint -
19 Stephenson, John
[br]b. 4 July 1809 County Armagh, Ireland,d. 31 July 1893 New Rochelle, New York, USA.[br]Irish/American pioneer of tramways for urban transport, builder and innovator of streetcars.[br]Stephenson's parents emigrated to the United States when he was 2 years old; he was educated in public schools in New York, where his parents had settled, and at a Wesleyan seminary. He became a clerk in a store at 16, but in 1828 he apprenticed himself to a coachbuilder, Andrew Wade, of Broome Street, New York. His apprenticeship lasted two years, during which time he learned mechanical drawing in the evenings and started to design vehicles. He was employed for a year on carriage repair work and in 1831 he opened his own coach repair business. Within a year he had built New York's first omnibus; this was bought by Abraham Brower, Stephenson's former employer, who started the city's first bus service. Brower immediately ordered a further three buses from Stephenson, and a further horse-drawn car was ordered by the New York \& Harlem Railroad. He built the car used at the opening of the railroad on 26 November 1832, the first street railway in the world. Orders followed for cars for many street railroads in other cities in the eastern States, and business prospered until the financial panic of 1837. Stephenson's factory was forced to close but he managed to pay off his creditors in the next six years and started in business again, building only omnibuses and coaches to become recognized as the world's foremost builder of streetcars. His first car had four flanged wheels, and a body of three compartments slung on leather straps from an unsprung chassis. He built horse-drawn cars, cable cars, electric and open cars; by 1891 his factory had 500 employees and was producing some twenty-five cars a week. His first patent had been dated 23 April 1833 and was followed by some ten others. During the Civil War, his factory was turned over to the manufacture of pontoons and gun carriages. He married Julia Tiemann in 1833; they had two sons and a daughter. He lived at New Rochelle, New York, from 1865 until his death.[br]Further Reading"The original car builder", 1891, New York Tribune, 10 September.D.Malone (ed.), Dictionary of American Biography, Vol. 9, New York: Charles Scribner.IMcN -
20 Stephenson, Robert
[br]b. 16 October 1803 Willington Quay, Northumberland, Englandd. 12 October 1859 London, England[br]English engineer who built the locomotive Rocket and constructed many important early trunk railways.[br]Robert Stephenson's father was George Stephenson, who ensured that his son was educated to obtain the theoretical knowledge he lacked himself. In 1821 Robert Stephenson assisted his father in his survey of the Stockton \& Darlington Railway and in 1822 he assisted William James in the first survey of the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway. He then went to Edinburgh University for six months, and the following year Robert Stephenson \& Co. was named after him as Managing Partner when it was formed by himself, his father and others. The firm was to build stationary engines, locomotives and railway rolling stock; in its early years it also built paper-making machinery and did general engineering.In 1824, however, Robert Stephenson accepted, perhaps in reaction to an excess of parental control, an invitation by a group of London speculators called the Colombian Mining Association to lead an expedition to South America to use steam power to reopen gold and silver mines. He subsequently visited North America before returning to England in 1827 to rejoin his father as an equal and again take charge of Robert Stephenson \& Co. There he set about altering the design of steam locomotives to improve both their riding and their steam-generating capacity. Lancashire Witch, completed in July 1828, was the first locomotive mounted on steel springs and had twin furnace tubes through the boiler to produce a large heating surface. Later that year Robert Stephenson \& Co. supplied the Stockton \& Darlington Railway with a wagon, mounted for the first time on springs and with outside bearings. It was to be the prototype of the standard British railway wagon. Between April and September 1829 Robert Stephenson built, not without difficulty, a multi-tubular boiler, as suggested by Henry Booth to George Stephenson, and incorporated it into the locomotive Rocket which the three men entered in the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway's Rainhill Trials in October. Rocket, was outstandingly successful and demonstrated that the long-distance steam railway was practicable.Robert Stephenson continued to develop the locomotive. Northumbrian, built in 1830, had for the first time, a smokebox at the front of the boiler and also the firebox built integrally with the rear of the boiler. Then in Planet, built later the same year, he adopted a layout for the working parts used earlier by steam road-coach pioneer Goldsworthy Gurney, placing the cylinders, for the first time, in a nearly horizontal position beneath the smokebox, with the connecting rods driving a cranked axle. He had evolved the definitive form for the steam locomotive.Also in 1830, Robert Stephenson surveyed the London \& Birmingham Railway, which was authorized by Act of Parliament in 1833. Stephenson became Engineer for construction of the 112-mile (180 km) railway, probably at that date the greatest task ever undertaken in of civil engineering. In this he was greatly assisted by G.P.Bidder, who as a child prodigy had been known as "The Calculating Boy", and the two men were to be associated in many subsequent projects. On the London \& Birmingham Railway there were long and deep cuttings to be excavated and difficult tunnels to be bored, notoriously at Kilsby. The line was opened in 1838.In 1837 Stephenson provided facilities for W.F. Cooke to make an experimental electrictelegraph installation at London Euston. The directors of the London \& Birmingham Railway company, however, did not accept his recommendation that they should adopt the electric telegraph and it was left to I.K. Brunel to instigate the first permanent installation, alongside the Great Western Railway. After Cooke formed the Electric Telegraph Company, Stephenson became a shareholder and was Chairman during 1857–8.Earlier, in the 1830s, Robert Stephenson assisted his father in advising on railways in Belgium and came to be increasingly in demand as a consultant. In 1840, however, he was almost ruined financially as a result of the collapse of the Stanhope \& Tyne Rail Road; in return for acting as Engineer-in-Chief he had unwisely accepted shares, with unlimited liability, instead of a fee.During the late 1840s Stephenson's greatest achievements were the design and construction of four great bridges, as part of railways for which he was responsible. The High Level Bridge over the Tyne at Newcastle and the Royal Border Bridge over the Tweed at Berwick were the links needed to complete the East Coast Route from London to Scotland. For the Chester \& Holyhead Railway to cross the Menai Strait, a bridge with spans as long-as 460 ft (140 m) was needed: Stephenson designed them as wrought-iron tubes of rectangular cross-section, through which the trains would pass, and eventually joined the spans together into a tube 1,511 ft (460 m) long from shore to shore. Extensive testing was done beforehand by shipbuilder William Fairbairn to prove the method, and as a preliminary it was first used for a 400 ft (122 m) span bridge at Conway.In 1847 Robert Stephenson was elected MP for Whitby, a position he held until his death, and he was one of the exhibition commissioners for the Great Exhibition of 1851. In the early 1850s he was Engineer-in-Chief for the Norwegian Trunk Railway, the first railway in Norway, and he also built the Alexandria \& Cairo Railway, the first railway in Africa. This included two tubular bridges with the railway running on top of the tubes. The railway was extended to Suez in 1858 and for several years provided a link in the route from Britain to India, until superseded by the Suez Canal, which Stephenson had opposed in Parliament. The greatest of all his tubular bridges was the Victoria Bridge across the River St Lawrence at Montreal: after inspecting the site in 1852 he was appointed Engineer-in-Chief for the bridge, which was 1 1/2 miles (2 km) long and was designed in his London offices. Sadly he, like Brunel, died young from self-imposed overwork, before the bridge was completed in 1859.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1849. President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1849. President, Institution of Civil Engineers 1856. Order of St Olaf (Norway). Order of Leopold (Belgium). Like his father, Robert Stephenson refused a knighthood.Further ReadingL.T.C.Rolt, 1960, George and Robert Stephenson, London: Longman (a good modern biography).J.C.Jeaffreson, 1864, The Life of Robert Stephenson, London: Longman (the standard nine-teenth-century biography).M.R.Bailey, 1979, "Robert Stephenson \& Co. 1823–1829", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 50 (provides details of the early products of that company).J.Kieve, 1973, The Electric Telegraph, Newton Abbot: David \& Charles.PJGR
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